Sisindiran Piwuruk Paparikan



CONTOH-CONTOH PERUBAHAN TENSES
DIRECT SPEECH MENJADI INDIRECT SPEECH

A. Simple Present Tenses menjadi Simple Past Tenses

Contoh 1:
Direct Speech : Father said, “I go to the office today.”
Indirect Speech : Father said that she went to the office that day.

Contoh 2:
Direct Speech : She said, “My mother is a teacher.”
Indirect Speech : She said that his mother was a teacher.”

Contoh 3:
Direct Speech :He told me, “I go to school everyday.”
Indirect Speech : He told me that he went to school everyday.

Contoh 4:
Direct Speech : Ahmad said, “I buy my book at the book store”.
Indirect Speech : Ahmad said that he bought his book at the book store.

Contoh 5:
Direct Speech : She said, “I always pray five times a day.”
Indirect Speech : She said that she always prayed five times a day.

B. Present Continuous Tenses menjadi Past Continuous Tenses 

Contoh 1:
Direct Speech : He told me, “I am playing football now.”
Indirect Speech : He told me that he was football music then.

Contoh 2:
Direct Speech :  Rahma had said, “ I am cooking friedchicken”
Indirect Speech : Rahma had said that she was cooking a friedchicken.

Contoh 3:
Direct Speech : Mr. Andi said, “They are swimming now.”
Indirect Speech : Mr. Andi said that they are swimming then

Contoh 4:
Direct Speech : Mrs. Anita said, “I am eating now”
Indirect Speech : Mrs. Anita said that she was eating then.

Contoh 5:
Direct Speech : Lina said “I’m doing my English homework”.
Indirect Speech : Lina said that she was doing her English homework.”

C. Present Perfect Tenses menjadi Past Perfect Tenses
Contoh 1:
Direct Speech : She told me. “I have bought a new car.”
Indirect Speech : She told me that she had bought a new car.

Contoh 2:
Direct Speech : Risa told me, “I have bought a book”
Indirect Speech : Risa told me that she had bougt a book.

Contoh 3:
Direct Speech : Budi said, ”I have finished doing my homework”.
Indirect Speech : Budi said that he had finished doing his homework.

Contoh 4:
Direct Speech : Tina said, “I have finished my examination.”
Indirect Speech : Tina said that she had finished her examination.

Contoh 5:
Direct Speech : Rudi had said,” My father has gone to the field”
Indirect Speech : Rudi said that his fother had gone to the field.

D. Present Perfect Continous Tenses  menjadi Past Perfect Continous Tenses
Contoh 1:
Direct Speech : Rangga said, “I have been living here for six years”.
Indirect Speech : Rangga said that he had been living there for six years.

Contoh 2:
Direct Speech : Dono said, “I have been studying many books”
Indirect Speech : Dono said that he had been studying many books.

Contoh 3:
Direct Speech : Sinta said, “I have been planting corn”
Indirect Speech : Sinta said that she had been planting corn.

Contoh 4:
Direct Speech : Mother said, “I have been buying many cake.”
Indirect Speech : Mother said that she had been buying many cake.

Contoh 5:
Direct Speech : Father said, “I have been cuting a wood.”
Indirect Speech : Father said that he had been cuting a wood.

E. Simple Past Tenses  menjadi Past Perfect Tenses 
Contoh 1:
Direct Speech :  Joko said,” I studied Math last night”
Indirect Speech : Joko said that He had studied Math the previous night

Contoh 2:
Direct Speech : He told me, “I went to Semarang yesterday”.
Indirect Speech : He told me that he had gone to Semarang the day before.

Contoh 3:
Direct Speech : Linda said, “I built a home last year.”
Indirect Speech : Linda said that she had built a home the previous year.

Contoh 4:
Direct Speech : Father said, “I caught the cat yesterday.”
Indirect Speech : Father said that he had caught the cat the day before.

Contoh 5:
Direct Speech : Mother said, “I bought the book last night”
Indirect Speech : Mother said that she had bought the book the previous night.

F. Past Continuous Tenses menjadi Past Perfect Continuous Tenses 
Contoh 1:
Direct Speech : He said “The rain was pouring heavy when I arrived at home this morning.”
Indirect Speech : He said that the rain had been pouring heavy when he arrived at home this morning.

Contoh 2:
Direct Speech : Father said, “I was sleeping when the car crashed my home”
Indirect Speech : Father said that he had been sleeping when the car crashed his house.

Contoh 3:
Direct Speech : Rina said, “They were watching television from seven to nine last night.”
Indirect Speech : Rina said that  They had been watching television from seven to nine the previous night.

Contoh 4:
Direct Speech : Dino said, “I was walking down the street when it began to rain.
Indirect Speech :Dino said that he had been walking down the street when it began to rain.

Contoh 5:
Direct Speech : Dika said, “I was shopping at this time yesterday.”
Indirect Speech :Dika said that he had been shopping at this time yesterday.

G. Simple Future Tenses menjadi Past Future Tenses

Contoh 1:
Direct Speech : She told Me : “I shall read the book tomorrow”
Indirect Speech : She told me that she should the the book the following day.

Contoh 2:
Direct Speech : She said,” I will go to market”
Indirect Speech : He said that he would go market.

Contoh 3:
Direct Speech : Dina said, “I will play football next week”
Indirect Speech : Dina said that she would play football the following week.

Contoh 4:
Direct Speech : They said, “We will leave for Jakarta”.
Indirect Speech : They said that they would leave for Jakarta.

Contoh 5:
Direct Speech : Mrs. Ana said, “I will plant rose flower.”
Indirect Speech : Mrs. Ana said that she would plant rose flower.

H. Future Continuous Tenses menjadi Past Future Continuous Tenses 

Contoh 1:
Direct Speech : Rina said, “You and I will be walking”
Indirect Speech : Rina said that I and she would be walking.”

Contoh 2:
Direct Speech : He said.” I will be studying at the time”
Indirect Speech : He said that he would be studying at the time.

Contoh 3:
Direct Speech : Heru said, “I will be sleeping”
Indirect Speech : Heru said that he would be sleeping.

Contoh 4:
Direct Speech : Anita said, “ I will be watching a movie tonight “
Indirect Speech : Anita said that she would be watching a movie that night

Contoh 5:
Direct Speech : Mariska said, “I will be reading a magazine tomorrow”
Indirect Speech : Mariska said that she would be reading a magazine the following day.

Catatan Tambahan :
A. Perubahan keterangan waktu dan daerah ( Time And place)
– Now = Then
– Tomorrow = The following day
– Next week = The following week
– Tonight = That night
– Today = That day
– Yesterday = The day before
– Last night = The night before
– Last week = The week before / the previous week
– Here = There
– This = That
– These = Those

B. Perubahan To be And Auxiliary Verb
– am / is = as
- are = were
– shall = should
- will = would
– can = could
– may = might
- must = had to
- have = had to
- has to = had to
- Ought to = had to